Biological Seas

Octopuses, like humans, sleep in two stages The trait may have evolved independently twice

Antioxidants From Mitochondria Protect Cells From Dying - Neuroscience News The STARD7 enzyme helps transport the antioxidant coenzyme Q from the mitochondria to the cell surface.

Nature research paper: Degassing of early-formed planetesimals restricted water delivery to Earth

Autophagy and autophagy-related pathways in cancer Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology

How loss of social status affects the brain

Nature research paper: Control of stereogenic oxygen in a helically chiral oxonium ion

The future of museums and a history of ignorance: Books in brief

Offspring born from two males: Now that it has been achieved in mice, what are the prospects for humans? Scientists in Japan say they have succeeded in breeding mice with two fathers, using eggs originating from male cells.

Repetitive elements in aging and neurodegeneration REs comprise approximately half of the genome, with classes of REs including TEs (see Glossary), satellite DNA, rDNA, and segmental duplications [1]. Until recently, REs were mostly ignored due to: (i) their repetitive nature, which complicates sequencing; and (ii) the widespread perception that REs...

Cellular rejuvenation: molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic interventions for diseases - Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy The ageing process is a systemic decline from cellular dysfunction to organ degeneration, with more predisposition to deteriorated disorders. Rejuvenation refers to giving aged cells or organisms more youthful characteristics through various techniques, such as cellular reprogramming and epigenetic....

Stochasticity explains non-genetic inheritance of lifespan and apparent trade-offs between reproduction and ageing Stochastic effects are central to the biology and demography of ageing. Genetically identical individuals do not all die at the exact same time but show a distribution of lifespan. Although such effects are appreciated, any cascading effects from stochastic effects of ageing are underappreciated. We...