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🌍 GLOBAL HIGHLIGHTS | THIS WEEK

⚔️ Geopolitics & Conflicts
• US–Iran tensions increased, creating fears around global oil supply routes.
• Russia and Ukraine exchanged fresh drone and missile attacks.
• NATO countries discussed expanding military support for Ukraine.
• Trump’s expected China visit became a major global political topic.

📈 Economy & Markets
• Oil prices surged due to Middle East instability.
• Global stock markets remained volatile throughout the week.
• AI and semiconductor companies continued strong growth.
• Investors are waiting for upcoming US inflation and interest rate decisions.

🤖 AI & Technology
• The AI race between OpenAI, Google, Microsoft, and China intensified.
• Governments started discussing stricter AI regulations and deepfake controls.
• AI infrastructure and chip companies dominated tech headlines.

💰 Crypto & Finance
• Bitcoin moved close to all-time highs again.
• Crypto market sentiment turned bullish globally.
• AI-related investment sectors saw major investor interest.

🌡️ Climate & Environment
• Severe heatwaves affected Pakistan, India, and parts of Asia.
• Scientists warned 2026 could become one of the hottest years ever recorded.
• Floods and extreme weather events impacted multiple countries.

🦠 Health
• A hantavirus outbreak linked to a cruise ship raised international concern.
• WHO stated there is currently no pandemic-level emergency.

🚀 Space & Science
• SpaceX accelerated preparations for the next Starship test.
• US–China competition in moon missions and satellite technology intensified.

⚽ Sports
• European football leagues entered decisive final stages.
• UEFA Champions League discussions dominated sports media.
• IPL playoff excitement continued across cricket fans worldwide.

🎬 Entertainment & Social Media
• Eurovision 2026 preparations gained attention globally.
• AI-generated content debates expanded across Hollywood and streaming platforms.
• TikTok, Instagram, and Facebook creators adapted to new algorithm changes.
• Short-form videos remained the most dominant social media trend.

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📘 IMPORTANT TREATIES FOR FIA / PPSC / FPSC 🇵🇰🌍

Ace your preparation with these Most Important Treaties frequently asked in FIA, PPSC, FPSC, CSS & PMS exams.

✅ Pakistan Related Treaties
✅ World History Important Agreements
✅ Quick Revision Memory Tips
✅ One Post Complete Notes

📌 Topics Included:
• Indus Waters Treaty 1960
• Simla Agreement 1972
• Treaty of Versailles 1919
• NATO Treaty 1949
• Geneva Conventions 1949
• Paris Agreement 2015
• SALT I & SALT II
…and more!

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Kartarpur Corridor became operational in:

❤️ 2017

😂 2018

🥰 2019

😃 2020

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🇮🇳 INDIA – KEY DEVELOPMENTS (THIS WEEK)

1. 🗳️ General Elections Momentum

- India in active election phase / buildup
- High-stakes contest between BJP and opposition alliance
- Key issues: inflation, jobs, welfare, nationalism

2. 🛢️ Oil Price Shock & Economic Pressure

- Rising global oil prices due to Middle East tensions
- Increasing import bill → pressure on inflation & rupee

3. 🌡️ Severe Heatwave Across India

- Temperatures above 45°C in several regions
- Water shortages and health concerns rising

4. ⚡ Power Demand & Energy Stress

- Record electricity demand due to heatwave
- Coal and power supply under pressure

5. 💰 Inflation Concerns

- Food and fuel prices rising
- Major political issue during elections

6. 🌐 Strategic Neutrality in Global Conflicts

- Balancing ties with U.S., Iran, and Gulf
- Focus on securing energy imports

7. 🛡️ Heightened Security Environment

- Increased vigilance during elections
- Border monitoring amid regional tensions

8. 📉 Market Volatility

- Stock market reacting to global + election uncertainty
- Investors cautious

9. 🚆 Infrastructure & Development Narrative

- Government highlighting mega projects
- Used as key election campaign strategy

10. 🏏 IPL Amid Elections

- IPL continues alongside elections
- Maintains economic activity and public engagement

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🧠 KEY THEMES

• Elections dominating national agenda
• Inflation + oil prices as political issues
• Climate stress (heatwave → power demand)
• Strategic foreign policy balancing

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📌 MOST EXPECTED EXAM QUESTIONS

- “Analyze the significance of general elections in India 2026.”
- “How are inflation and oil prices shaping electoral politics in India?”
- “Discuss the impact of heatwaves on India’s economy and governance.”
- “Evaluate India’s foreign policy during global conflicts.”

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🇵🇰 PAKISTAN – KEY DEVELOPMENTS (THIS WEEK)

1. Pakistan as Global Mediator

- Hosted U.S.–Iran talks
- Emerging as neutral diplomatic player

2. Islamabad Peace Talks

- First round inconclusive
- Further negotiations expected

3. Energy Crisis (LNG Shortage)

- Gas shortages due to global disruption
- Use of furnace oil and delayed nuclear maintenance

4. Power Situation Improvement

- Increased hydropower reduced load shedding
- Temporary relief in electricity crisis

5. Economic Pressure

- Inflation and fuel costs rising
- Continued dependence on foreign aid

6. Investment Promotion

- Focus on IT, energy, infrastructure
- Efforts to attract foreign direct investment (FDI)

7. Trade & Connectivity

- Expansion of regional trade corridors
- Strengthening role in CPEC and Central Asia trade

8. Security Concerns

- Educational institutions shifted online in some areas
- Linked to regional tensions

9. Cricket (PSL Highlights)

- Record-breaking performance by Babar Azam
- Discipline issues with foreign players

10. Climate & Energy Demand

- Heatwave increasing electricity demand
- Climate affecting hydropower generation

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🧠 KEY THEMES

• Rising diplomatic importance
• Ongoing energy crisis
• Economic challenges vs growth opportunities
• Increasing regional strategic role

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🌍 MOST IMPORTANT QUESTIONS – WORLD NEWS THIS WEEK

1. Why is the U.S.–Iran conflict considered a major threat to global stability?

- Strait of Hormuz risk (global oil supply)
- Military escalation and retaliation threats
- Impact on global trade and energy security

2. How does the Middle East conflict affect the global economy?

- Disruption of food, oil, and fertilizer supplies
- Rising inflation and food insecurity
- Risk of global recession

3. Why is the Israel–Lebanon ceasefire important but fragile?

- Temporary peace (10 days only)
- Massive displacement and casualties
- Risk of renewed conflict

4. What role is the G20 playing in the global crisis?

- Economic coordination
- Addressing food and supply chain issues
- IMF financial support warnings

5. Why are global markets volatile this week?

- Oil price fluctuations
- Geopolitical uncertainty
- Investor risk aversion

6. Why is climate change still a major concern?

- Water scarcity increasing
- Global initiatives for clean water
- Environmental degradation continues

7. Is U.S. global influence declining?

- Strained alliances
- Reduced diplomatic effectiveness
- Rise of multipolar world

8. Why is Sudan facing a humanitarian crisis?

- Civil war and violence
- Mass killings and shortages
- Weak global response

9. What do recent space industry failures indicate?

- High financial risks
- Dependence on private companies
- Technological uncertainty

10. Why are scientific events like meteor showers important?

- Promote science awareness
- Encourage global engagement
- Inspire interest in space

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🌐 KEY THEMES

• War → Oil Crisis → Inflation → Food Shortage
• Fragile peace and rising global conflicts
• Economic interdependence of countries
• Shift toward a multipolar world

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