Ignited Ember

~ A cloudburst or 'बादल फटना' is an extreme amount of precipitation, sometimes accompanied by hail and thunder, that normally lasts no longer than a few minutes but is capable of creating flood conditions. A cloudburst can suddenly dump large amounts of water e.g. 25 mm of precipitation corresponds to 25000 metric tons/km². However, cloudbursts are infrequent as they occur only via orographic lift or occasionally when a warm air parcel mixes with cooler air, resulting in sudden condensation. At times, a large amount of runoff from higher elevations is mistakenly conflated with a cloudburst. The term "cloudburst" arose from the notion that clouds were akin to water-balloons and could burst, resulting in rapid precipitation; though this idea has since been disproven, the term remains in use.

उत्तराखंड में बादल फटने और भूस्खलन से 18 की मौत

उत्तराखंड में बादल फटने और भूस्खलन की घटनाओं में मरने वालों की संख्या 18 तक पहुंच गई है हालांकि 21 लोग अभी भी फंसे हुए हैं। वहीं, उत्तराखंड के गंगोत्री और यमुनोत्री मुख्य राष्ट्रीाय राजमार्ग को उत्तरकाशी में साफ कर दिया गया है। यहां भूस्खलन के कारण रास्तार बंद हो गया था। अब दोनों तीर्थस्था‍नों के लिए यातायात सुचारू रूप से चल रहा है। हालांकि भूस्खलन के कारण चमोली-श्रीनगर राजमार्ग बाधित हुआ है। राहत व बचाव दल राजमार्ग को खोलने के लिए लगातार काम में जुटा हुआ है।

उत्तराखंड में आफत की बारिश और कई जगहों पर बादल फटने की घटनाओं के बाद हर जगह सिर्फ तबाही ही तबाही दिख रही है। लगातार हो रही बारिश, बादल फटने के बाद जमीन धंसने से कई इलाकों का बुरा हाल है। जगह-जगह रास्ते बंद हो गए हैं। मरने वालों के आंकडों में भी लगातार इजाफा हो रहा है जबकि कई लोग अब भी लापता हैं तो वहीं राहत और बचाव कार्य पूरे जोरों पर है। पिछले चार पांच दिनों से हो रही बारिश ने उत्तराखंड का बुरा हाल कर दिया है। पहाड़ों से मलबा गिरने से घर तबाह हो गए हैं। सड़के टूटने से यात्री परेशान हैं। लोग भी यहां-वहां फंसे हुए हैं। सबसे बुरा हाल पिथौरागढ़ जिले का है। बादल फटने और बारिश ने यहां कई गांवों को तबाह कर दिया है। लोगों के घर बर्बाद हो गए जिस वजह से लोग बाहर रहने को मजबूर हैं। रास्ता बंद होने की वजह से लोगों को खाने-पीने की परेशानी का भी सामना करना पड़ रहा हैं। कई जगहों पर तो लोगों का सब कुछ तबाह हो गया। कुछ लोगों के परिवारों में कई सदस्यों की मौत हो गई और बच्चे अनाथ हो गए। वहीं कुछ लोग तो ऐसे भी हैं जिनके अपने मलबे में दबे हैं।

अल्मोड़ा में भी बारिश के बाद बादल फटा है जिससे एनएच 87 बंद हो गया है। इन सबके बीच राहत और बचाव कार्य पूरे जोर शोर से जारी है। NDRF के साथ ही सेना और ITBP की टीमें लगातार राहत और बचाव कार्य में लगी हुई हैं। सबसे पहले राजमार्गों और सडकों से मलबा हटाकर रास्ते खोलने का कांम चल रहा है। उत्तराखंड के गंगोत्री और यमुनोत्री जाने वाले मुख्या राष्ट्रीोय राजमार्ग को उत्तहरकाशी में साफ कर दिया गया है। यहां भूस्खरलन के कारण रास्तात बंद हो गया था। वहीं चमोली-श्रीनगर राजमार्ग बाधित है। चमोली जिले के हालात भी बदतर हो गए हैं। सड़कें जगह-जगह टूटी पड़ी हैं।

बारिश के बाद कुछ जगहों पर महामारी की आशंका भी बढ गई है। पिथौरागढ़ के बिस्तडी गांव में ऐसी ही आशंका से निपटने के लिए कोशिशें जारी है। लगातार बरसात और पिथौरागढ़ जिले में हुई बादल फटने की घटना के बाद से ही राज्य की शारदा समेत कई नदियां उफ़ान पर हैं। हरिद्वार में भी गंगा नदी उफान पर है और कई जगह खेतों में पानी भर गया है। राज्य में अगले कुछ दिन हालात सामान्य होने के आसार नहीं है। राज्य के तमाम जिलों में बारिश की आशंका जताई गई है। उत्तराखंड के बाद हिमाचल में भी बारिश का कहर बरपा है। चंबा के कुगती में बादल फट गया है जिसमें 30 श्रद्धालु फंस गए हैं। मौसम विभाग के मुताबिक मध्य प्रदेश, छत्तीसगढ़, बिहार, झारखंड और गुजरात के कुछ इलाकों में भारी से बहुत भारी बारिश होने का भी अनुमान है।

~ Central Board of Film Certification.

Headquarters at Mumbai.

It has 9 regional offices, one each at Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Bangalore, Thiruvananthapuram, Hyderabad, New Delhi, Cuttack and Guwahati. The Regional Offices are assisted in the examination of films by Advisory Panels.

CBFC is a statutory body under the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Govt. of India.

It regulates the public exhibition of films under the provisions of the Cinematograph Act, 1952 and the Cinematograph (certification) Rules, 1983, and the guidelines issued by the Central government u/s 5 (B).

The board consists of non-official members and a chairman, all are appointed by the central government.

All films, music videos, documentaries meant for public exhibition, irrespective of their length, whether in celluloid or video or CD or DVD version are subjected to certification by CBFC.

At present films are certified under 4 categories:
1. U - Unrestricted Public Exhibition.
2. UA - Unrestricted Public Exhibition but with a word of caution that Parental Discretion required for children below 12 years.
3. A - Restricted to Adults.
4. S - Restricted to any special class of persons.

Certification Mission:
1. To ensure healthy entertainment, recreation and education to the public.
2. To make the certification process transparent and responsible.
3. To create awareness among advisory panel members, media and film makers about the guidelines for certification and current trend in films through workshops and meetings.
4. To adopt modern technology for certification process through computerization of certification process and upgradation of infrastructure.
5. To maintain transparency about Board’s activities through voluntary disclosures, implementation of e-governance, prompt replies to RTI queries and publication of annual report.
6. To develop CBFC as a Centre of Excellence

~ Film and Television Institute of India.

An autonomous body under the Ministry of Information & Broadcasting of the Government of India, and is registered under Societies’ Registration Act of 1860.

Established as "Film Institute of India" in 1960 on the erstwhile Prabhat Studio premises at Pune. The institute was renamed in the year 1971.

The FTII is an autonomous body under the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting of the Government of India. Its policies are determined by a Governing Council. The latter appoints the director of the institute.

The FTII is a member of CILECT, an international association of film schools.

FTII is designed for a new generation of storytellers both visual and performing artists who share a passion for motion pictures and want to learn by making their own projects in a hands-on, intensive program.

The main services of the Institute involve training for film and television students enrolled in the Diploma courses and the one year certificate course in television and Doordarshan and TV trainees.

The FTII Society is headed by a President who is a well-known personality from film and television, arts or academics. The Governing Council (GC) is constituted by election from among the members of the Society. The GC, as the apex body of the FTII, is responsible for making all major policy decisions of the Institute in consonance with its aims and objectives. The GC, in turn, appoints the Academic Council (AC) and the Standing Finance Committee (SFC), who are responsible for advising the FTII in policy matters related to academic affairs and financial matters. The President of the Society also functions as the Chairman of each of the bodies, the GC, the AC and the SFC.

Mr. Shyam Benegal, Mr. Mrinal Sen, Mr. Adoor Gopalakrishnan, Mr. Mahesh Bhatt, Mr. Girish Karnad, Mr. Vinod Khanna and Prof. U.R. Ananthamurthy are among the eminent personalities who have served as Chairman of the Governing Council in the past. Mr. Saeed Mirza is currently the Chairman of the Governing Council.

The Director of the Institute serves as its Executive Head and implements its policies and programmes. Mr.Bhupendra Kainthola, is currently the Director and Mr. Gajendra Chauhan is currently the Chairman of the FTII.

~ National Company Law Tribunal has been constituted w.e.f. 1st June, 2016 and by virtue of Section 466(1) of Companies Act, 2013, the Company Law Board stands dissolved.

~ Company Law Board was under the Ministry of Corporate Affairs, Government of India.

The company law board was a quasi-judicial body, exercising equitable jurisdiction, which was earlier being exercised by the High Court or the Central Government.

The Board has powers to regulate its own procedures.

It has principal bench at New Delhi and four regional benches located at New Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata and Chennai.

Any person aggrieved by any decision or order of the company law board may file an appeal to the High Court within sixty days from the date of communication of the decision or order of the company law board.

Now, NCLT has came into the force on June 1, 2016. It is an important development in the company affairs.

According to the provisions of the Companies act, 2013, NCLT will not only replace CLB, but also handle various cases of companies currently with the High Courts, the Board for Industrial and Financial Reconstruction (BIFR), and the Appellate Authority for Industrial and Financial Reconstruction (AAIFR).

The President of NCLT will be M.M.Kumar, former Chief Justice of the Jammu and Kashmir High Court

The Chairperson of NCLT will be S.K. Mukhopadhaya, former judge of the Supreme Court

~ Under the Ministry of Labour and Employment, Government of India.

It is responsible for the collection and publication of statistics and related information on wages, earnings, productivity, absenteeism, labour turnover, industrial relations, working and living conditions and evaluation of working of various labour enactments, etc.

It is a storehouse of important economic indicators like consumer price index (CPI), Number of industrial, agricultural and rural labourers, wage rate indices and data on industrial relations, socio-economic conditions in the organised and un-organised sectors of industry, etc.

Jagjivan Ram (1947–1952) was the first cabinet minister to monitor labour bureau of India and presently it is under the supervision of the minister Bandaru Dattatreya in the Ministry of Labour and Employment in the Narendra Modi Government.

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~ National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority.
Department of Pharmaceuticals, Under the Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Government of India.

The NPPA was formed on 29 August 1997.

It is to fix and revise the prices of controlled bulk drugs and formulations.

To enforce prices and availability of the medicines in the country, under the Drugs Price control order, 1995 and subsequent amendment 2013.

It also monitors the prices of decontrolled drugs in order to keep them at reasonable levels. It can fund studies regarding pricing of drugs.

It renders assistances to the central Government in the parliamentary matters relating to the drug pricing.

Every small effort makes a huge impact if put together in a uniform manner.

Inspiring Story of Kerala's Lipin Raj M.P who Cracked UPSC Exam - IAS Lipin Raj, a visually Handicapped person,lost his vision partially in a childhood accident,who cleared Civil Services Examination in 2012 is a Writer, Publi

~ Light-emitting diode is a two-lead semiconductor light source. It is a p–n junction diode, which emits light when activated. When a suitable voltage is applied to the leads, electrons are able to recombine with electron holes within the device, releasing energy in the form of photons. This effect is called electroluminescence, and the color of the light is determined by the energy band gap of the .

Central government's Unnat Jyoti by Affordable LEDs for All ( ) scheme distributed more than 11 crore LED Bulbs over 3 crore Indian Homes which switched to Energy Efficient LEDs.

4,22,28,053 KWh
Energy saved per day

INR 16,89,12,213
Cost saving per day

3,086 MW
Avoided Peak Demand

34,205 t CO2
CO2 Reduction per day

Visit National UJALA Dashboard at ~ http://www.ujala.gov.in/

Co-inventor of the LED and semiconductor tech specialist Hiroshi Amano (天野 浩).

Illuminating our world with the invention of a more energy-efficient and environment-friendly light source – the blue light-emitting diode LED – Amano was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics with co-inventors Isamu Akasaki (赤崎 勇) and Shuji Nakamura (中村修二).

Photo by Alexander Mahmoud. © Nobel Media 2014.