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Micro- and nanoplastic Polluted Earth

According to estimates, by 2040 the level of plastic pollution could reach 80 million metric tons per year. Plastic particles have now been detected in virtually all spheres of the environment, e.g. in water bodies, the soil and the air. Via ocean currents and rivers, the tiny plastic particles can even reach the Arctic, Antarctic or ocean depths. A new overview study has now shown that wind, too, can transport these particles great distances -- and much faster than water can: in the atmosphere, they can travel from their point of origin to the most remote corners of the planet in a matter of days. In the journal Nature Reviews Earth and Environment, an international team of researchers -- including experts from the Alfred Wegener Institute, the Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies in Potsdam, and the GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research in Kiel -- describes how microplastic finds its way into the atmosphere and how it is subsequently transported.

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Study Says 150 Years May Be the Human Lifespan’s Upper Limit

new study suggests there may be a hard limit on human longevity, reports Live Science's Rebecca Sohn. That upper limit, according to the study published this week in the journal Nature Communications, is somewhere between 120 and 150 years old.

At that advanced age, the researchers say the human body simply would no longer be able to bounce back and repair itself after normal stresses such as illness, according to the Guardian. The study is based on medical data from more than 500,000 volunteers that the team behind the study collated into a single number that measures the physiological toll of aging that they called the “dynamic organism state indicator”.

What we’re saying here is that the strategy of reducing frailty, so reducing the disease burden, has only an incremental ability to improve your lifespan,” Peter Fedichev, a longevity researcher at the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology and senior author of the study, tells Sophie Putka of Inverse.

Per Live Science, the suggestion is that increasing the human lifespan beyond this hard limit would require therapies that boosted and maintained the body’s ability to be resilient and repair itself.

Researchers gleaned this upper limit on human life from anonymized blood samples from 544,398 people in the United States, United Kingdom and Russia. The team primarily looked at two numbers to determine the individual’s DOSI: the ratio of two types of white blood cells that the immune system uses to fight infection and the variability in the size of red blood cells, according to Live Science. Each of these numbers tend to increase as people get on in years and are referred to by researchers as biomarkers of aging.

SMARTNEWS Keeping you current
Study Suggests 150 Years May Be the Human Lifespan’s Upper Limit
Researchers say beyond that age the body simply can no longer repair itself after normal stresses such as disease
Sister Andre, Lucile Randon in the registry of birth, the eldest French and European citizen, prays in a wheelchair, on the eve of her 117th birthday
Sister Andre, Lucile Randon celebrated her 117th birthday this year after surviving Covid-19. (Photo by NICOLAS TUCAT/AFP via Getty Images)
By Alex Fox
SMITHSONIANMAG.COM
AN HOUR AGO
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Anew study suggests there may be a hard limit on human longevity, reports Live Science's Rebecca Sohn. That upper limit, according to the study published this week in the journal Nature Communications, is somewhere between 120 and 150 years old.

At that advanced age, the researchers say the human body simply would no longer be able to bounce back and repair itself after normal stresses such as illness, according to the Guardian. The study is based on medical data from more than 500,000 volunteers that the team behind the study collated into a single number that measures the physiological toll of aging that they called the “dynamic organism state indicator” or DOSI.

This figure distinguishes biological age, which is essentially how run down your cells and organ systems are, from chronological age in a manner that recalls a scene from the Indiana Jones film Raiders of the Lost Ark (1981) in which a banged up but still youthful Harrison Ford groans, “it’s not the years honey, it’s the mileage.”

“What we’re saying here is that the strategy of reducing frailty, so reducing the disease burden, has only an incremental ability to improve your lifespan,” Peter Fedichev, a longevity researcher at the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology and senior author of the study, tells Sophie Putka of Inverse.

Per Live Science, the suggestion is that increasing the human lifespan beyond this hard limit would require therapies that boosted and maintained the body’s ability to be resilient and repair itself.

Researchers gleaned this upper limit on human life from anonymized blood samples from 544,398 people in the United States, United Kingdom and Russia. The team primarily looked at two numbers to determine the individual’s DOSI: the ratio of two types of white blood cells that the immune system uses to fight infection and the variability in the size of red blood cells, according to Live Science. Each of these numbers tend to increase as people get on in years and are referred to by researchers as biomarkers of aging.

The researchers calculated the human lifespan’s potential upper limits by plugging these biomarkers of aging, along with other basic medical data on each volunteer, into a computer model.

“They are asking the question of ‘What’s the longest life that could be lived by a human complex system if everything else went really well, and it’s in a stressor-free environment?’” Heather Whitson, director of the Duke University Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development and who was not involved in the study, tells Emily Willingham of Scientific American.

The team’s computer model suggested that even under completely ideal biological circumstances, these biomarkers of aging would have declined so much by 150 years of age that they could no longer support a living organism.

But it’s not clear that making it to 150 would necessarily be pleasant. As S. Jay Olshansky, an epidemiologist at the University of Illinois at Chicago who was not involved in the study, tells Scientific American, a long lifespan is not the same thing as a long health span.

“Death is not the only thing that matters,” Whitson tells Scientific American. “Other things, like quality of life, start mattering more and more as people experience the loss of them.”

NASA- 'VIPER' will find water at Moon

NASA is planning to search for water and other resources on the moon in the year 2023. The US-based organization said on Friday that it plans to send its first mobile robot VIPER in late 2023 in search of ice and other resources under the surface of the moon and under its Artemis program. The rover will collect VIPER data, which will help NASA map resources to the Moon South Pole. It will be used for human exploration for a long time on the moon one day.

By examining the data collected from the Viper as part of the Artemis Program, scientists will find out what resources are on the South Pole of the Moon. The gathering of information here is also considered interesting because a large part of it is covered in shade compared to the North Pole. NASA will send the first female and one male to the moon in 2024 under the Artemis program. But before this, Viper Rover will be launched in 2023.

Lunar Eclipse 2021
Sky gazers will witness a super-celestial event as a total lunar eclipse will take place on May 26, 2021, which is tomorrow. This phenomenon is also known as a Super Blood Moon as the moon appears slightly reddish-orange in colour and since it is a full moon, the satellite will appear really big as well.

A total lunar eclipse takes place when the Earth comes between the sun and the moon, blocks the sun’s rays from directly reaching the satellite. The moon is fully in the Earth’s shadow and this is why it is a total lunar eclipse.

Mars is humming

In November 2018, a spacecraft arrived on Mars’s frigid, dusty surface to take the planet’s pulse. Known as the InSight lander, the robotic geologist recently beamed some of its early findings back to Earth, exciting and perplexing scientists around the world. Among these curiosities is a Martian hum—a quiet, constant drone that seems to pulse to the beat of “marsquakes” that rattle the planet.

Earth has many such background vibrations, from the roar of winds to the crashing of waves against the shore.

“It’s extremely puzzling,”

by National Geographic

Two more coronaviruses can infect people
Eight children hospitalized with pneumonia in Malaysia several years ago had evidence of infections with a novel coronavirus similar to one found in dogs, a research team reports today. Only seven coronaviruses were previously known to infect people, the latest being SARS-CoV-2, the spark of the COVID-19 pandemic. The discovery of this likely new human pathogen, along with the report of an instance of a coronavirus that appears to have jumped from pigs to people many years ago, could significantly expand which members of the viral family pose another global threat.

“I think the more we look, the more we will find that these coronaviruses are crossing species everywhere,” says Stanley Perlman, a virologist at the University of Iowa who was not involved in the new work.

The researchers have not definitely linked either new virus to human disease. And there’s no evidence that the two new coronaviruses can transmit between people—each infection may have been a dead-end jump into a person from a nonhuman host. But many researchers worry the viruses may evolve that ability within a person or the animals they normally infect.

for more information click on

https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2021/05/two-more-coronaviruses-can-infect-people-studies-suggest