Dr Rakhi Gupta

Spoke on an important scientific topic on HPV vaccination on January 8th, 2026: 'Helping to protect the eligible population from HPV-related cancer and diseases in gynecology practice' and the role of nanovalent vs. quadrivalent vaccines.

Brief Overview on POLYCYSTIC OVARIES (PCOS / PCOD)

PCOD (Polycystic Ovarian Disease) is a common hormonal condition where the ovaries release many immature or partially mature eggs, which eventually turn into small cysts. While it can be stressful to manage, it is very common—affecting roughly 10% of women—and is highly manageable through lifestyle changes.

​📋 Common Symptoms
​Symptoms often appear during puberty or early adulthood and can vary in severity:
​Irregular Periods: Frequent, infrequent, or very heavy menstrual cycles.
​Physical Changes: Persistent acne, oily skin, or thinning hair on the scalp.
​Hirsutism: Excess hair growth on the face, chest, or back.
​Weight Gain: Specifically around the abdomen, and difficulty losing weight.
​Fertility Issues: Difficulty conceiving due to irregular ovulation.

​⚖️ PCOD vs. PCOS
​People often use these terms interchangeably, but they are slightly different:
| Feature | PCOD | PCOS |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Severity | Generally considered milder. | A more severe metabolic disorder. |
| Cause | Primarily lifestyle and hormonal imbalance. | Endocrine system disorder (more complex). |
| Fertility | Ovulation still occurs; easier to conceive. | Ovulation is rare; requires more medical help. |
| Impact | Focuses on the ovaries. | Affects the whole body (high risk of diabetes). |

​🍏 Management & Lifestyle
​Since PCOD is closely linked to insulin resistance, the goal is to stabilize blood sugar and balance hormones.
​Low-GI Diet: Focus on whole grains (oats, quinoa), leafy greens, and lean proteins. Avoid refined carbs like white bread, sugary snacks, and sodas.
​Regular Exercise: Even 30 minutes of brisk walking or strength training helps the body use insulin better.
​Stress Management: High cortisol (stress hormone) can worsen PCOD. Yoga and meditation are often recommended.
​Medical Support: A doctor may prescribe birth control pills to regulate periods or metformin to help with insulin sensitivity.
​Note: A diagnosis usually requires a pelvic ultrasound and blood tests to check hormone levels. If you are experiencing these symptoms, it is best to consult a gynecologist or endocrinologist.