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World Rabies Day -September28
Rabies Facts:

World Rabies Day, observed annually on September 28, is a global day of action and awareness to highlight the impact of rabies on humans and animals, and to promote effective prevention and control efforts.
The date commemorates the anniversary of the death of Louis Pasteur, the French chemist and microbiologist who developed the first rabies vaccine.

Here are some key facts about rabies:
Rabies is a Deadly, but Preventable, Disease

• Near 100% Fatal:
Once clinical symptoms of rabies appear, the disease is almost always fatal. There have been a few documented cases of survival, but they are extremely rare.

• 100% Preventable:
Despite its deadliness, rabies is one of the most preventable infectious diseases. Vaccination is the key to prevention for both humans and animals.

Global Impact:

• A "Neglected" Tropical Disease:
Rabies disproportionately affects impoverished and rural communities, particularly in Africa and Asia. It is considered a neglected tropical disease because it primarily impacts vulnerable populations.

• **59,000 Deaths Annually:
The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that rabies causes about 59,000 human deaths each year, with 95% of these cases occurring in Africa and Asia.

• Children are at High Risk:
Around 40% of human deaths from rabies are in children under the age of 15.
Transmission and Symptoms

• Source of Infection:
Rabies is a viral disease most commonly transmitted to humans through the bite or scratch of an infected animal. The virus is present in the saliva of the infected animal.

• Dogs are the Main Culprit:
In over 99% of human rabies cases, the source of infection is a domestic dog. This is why mass dog vaccination is the most effective and cost-efficient strategy for preventing human rabies.

• Incubation Period:
The time from exposure to the first symptoms can be highly variable, ranging from a few days to several months or even a year, depending on factors like the location of the bite and the viral load.

• Early Symptoms:
Initial symptoms are often non-specific and flu-like, including fever, headache, and weakness. There may also be a tingling, prickling, or itching sensation at the site of the bite.

• Progressive Symptoms:
As the virus attacks the central nervous system, it leads to severe neurological symptoms such as anxiety, confusion, agitation, hallucinations, and muscle spasms. The classic symptom of "hydrophobia" (fear of water) is due to painful spasms in the throat when trying to swallow.

Prevention and Treatment:

• Pet Vaccination:
Vaccinating domestic dogs and cats is the single most important action to prevent rabies transmission. In many countries, it is legally required.

• Avoiding Wildlife:
It is crucial to avoid contact with unfamiliar or wild animals, especially those that appear sick or are acting strangely (e.g., a nocturnal animal out during the day).

• Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP):
If a person is bitten or scratched by a potentially rabid animal, immediate medical attention is essential.
PEP consists of:
• Thorough wound washing with soap and water for at least 15 minutes.
• Rabies immune globulin (RIG): A fast-acting shot of antibodies given at or near the wound site to provide immediate protection.
• A series of rabies vaccines administered over several days to teach the body to fight the virus.

The global goal is to achieve "Zero by 30"—the elimination of human deaths from dog-mediated rabies by 2030.

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