Lizard 01

Oxygen-poor blood flows from the venous cavity into the pulmonary cavity; the atrioventricular valve prevents it from mixing with oxygen-rich blood from the arterial cavity. Contraction of the ventricle then pushes this blood out of the pulmonary cavity into the pulmonary artery. The atrioventricular valve then closes, allowing oxygen-rich blood from the arterial cavity to flow into the venous cavity and leave the heart through the aortic arch.

All three cavities of the lizard heart communicate, but the muscle flap and biphasic contraction of the ventricle minimize blood mixing (shunting) during normal activity

In chameleons, the outgrowths of the lungs form bags located at the edges of the body, which do not take part in gas exchange, but serve to enlarge the body, for example, when scaring away predators

In legless lizards, the eyes are usually equipped with movable separate eyelids, while in snakes the eyelids are fused, forming transparent “lenses” over the eyes. They also differ in a number of other features, such as the structure and structure of the scales.

In accordance with the principles of cladistic classification, lizards can be divided into 7 independent suborders (main clades): spindles (Anguimorpha), geckos (Gekkota), iguanas (Iguania), Dibamia, Lacertiformata, Scinciformata and Teiformata

Includes all squamates except snakes and moths (both groups are descendants of lizards). Snakes are closely related to iguanas and spindle lizards, forming with them the clade Toxicofera

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