Medical knowledge

Left Sided Heart Failure

Q :- The drugs used to stop the growth of prostate in a 70 year old male with benign hyperplasia of prostate is
A. Spironolacto
B.ketoconazol
C.ffinasteride
D.flutamide

Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH) - ECG Criteria

Through many studies, multiple criteria have been developed to diagnose LVH :::::::

Cornell criteria: Add the R wave in aVL and the S wave in V3. If the sum is > 28 mm in males or > 20 mm in females, then LVH is present.

Modified Cornell Criteria: Examine the R wave in aVL. If the R wave is > 12 mm in amplitude, then LVH is present.

Antepartum Haemorrhage (APH) ::

Antepartum haemorrhage (APH) is defined as bleeding from the birth canal or ge***al tract after the 24th week (some authors define this as the 20th week, others up to the 28th week) of pregnancy. APH complicates 3–5% of pregnancies and is a leading cause of perinatal and maternal mortality worldwide.

CAUSES :-

No definite cause is diagnosed in about 40% of all women who present with Antepartum Haemorrhage. Some causes are :
1. Placenta praevia
2. Placental abruption - most common pathological cause
3. Local causes e.g. vulval or cervical infection, trauma or tumours
4. Vasa praevia (bleeding from fetal vessels in the fetal membranes)
5. Uterine rupture
6. UTI

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