Fly With Mabel

✈️ THINKING ABOUT GETTING YOUR MULTI-ENGINE RATING? HERE’S A QUICK BREAKDOWN 🛩️🔥

A Multi-Engine Rating is a must-have step if you’re serious about flying commercially or moving into airline operations.

🔹 WHAT A MULTI-ENGINE RATING ALLOWS YOU TO DO

✅ Fly aircraft with more than one engine
✅ Build experience on complex, high-performance aircraft
✅ Meet a key requirement for CPL, ATPL, and airline hiring
✅ Improve confidence in engine-out handling and decision-making

📚 TRAINING INCLUDES

✈️ Normal and abnormal multi-engine operations
✈️ Engine-out procedures (critical engine failures)
✈️ Asymmetric thrust handling
✈️ VMC demonstrations
✈️ Performance calculations & limitations
✈️ Advanced checklist and systems management

📝 EXAMS & FLIGHT TEST

❌ NO written exam required
🧪 Transport Canada Multi-Engine Flight Test only
📌 Focus on safety, control, judgment, and procedures
https://tc.canada.ca/sites/default/files/2021-01/TP_219E_ELEVENTH_EDITION_2021.pdf

🩺 MEDICAL REQUIREMENT

✔️ Valid Category 1 or 3 Medical (depending on licence level)

⏳ WHEN SHOULD YOU DO IT?

📍 After PPL or during CPL training
📍 Ideal before Instructor Rating or airline pathway
📍 Strongly recommended before turbine transitions

💼 WHY IT MATTERS

Multi-engine experience is highly valued by employers and prepares you for real-world commercial flying where system management and decision-making are critical.

🚀 ONE STEP CLOSER TO AIRLINES & TURBINE AIRCRAFT

For official details, visit Transport Canada ✈️
🌐 https://tc.canada.ca/en/aviation

📩 DM me if you want help planning your training path

Transport Canada / Transports Canada

✈️ THINKING ABOUT BECOMING A FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR IN CANADA? 👨‍✈️👩‍✈️

WHAT AN INSTRUCTOR RATING ALLOWS YOU TO DO

✅ Teach student pilots (SPP, RPP, PPL, CPL – depending on privileges)
✅ Build flight hours while getting paid to fly 💰
✅ Log valuable PIC and instructional experience
✅ Mentor and shape the next generation of pilots ✨
✅ Open doors to airline, charter, and training captain roles later

📋 ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS

✔️ Hold a Commercial Pilot Licence (CPL) – Aeroplane
✔️ Valid Category 1 Medical
✔️ Meet English/French language proficiency
✔️ Meet recency requirements

📚 GROUND SCHOOL REQUIREMENT

📝 Minimum 25 hours of instructor rating ground school
Covers:
• Learning theory & teaching techniques
• Human factors & instructional methods
• Lesson planning & student evaluation
• Briefing / debriefing skills
• CARs related to flight training

✈️ FLIGHT TRAINING REQUIREMENTS

🛫 Minimum 30 hours of flight training, including:
• Dual airwork from the right seat
• Demonstration quality maneuvers
• Teaching exercises (how to explain + fly)
• Emergency handling & spins (as required)
• Practice teaching real-world student scenarios

🧠 WRITTEN EXAM (AIRAF)

📘 Instructor Rating – Aeroplane (AIRAF)
• 50 multiple-choice questions
• Pass mark: 70%
• Focus on teaching theory, CARs, and instructional techniques
https://tc.canada.ca/sites/default/files/2020-12/study_and_reference_guide___flight_instructor_rating___aeroplane.pdf

🧪 FLIGHT TEST

🎯 Conducted with a Transport Canada examiner
Includes:
• Pre-flight briefing
• Air exercises taught as if examiner is your student
• Post-flight debrief
• Emphasis on instructional skill, not just flying ability

💼 CLASS IV INSTRUCTOR – STARTING OUT

👩‍🏫👨‍🏫 As a new instructor (Class IV):
• You instruct under supervision
• Can teach SPP, RPP, PPL (and more as authorized)
• Upgrade to Class III, II, I with experience & recommendations

💰 PAY & CAREER PROGRESSION

💵 Typical pay (varies by school & location):
• $25–$50/hr flight time
• $20–$35/hr ground briefing
• Salaried roles available at some FTUs

📈 Benefits:
• Paid flying
• Fast hour building
• Strong leadership & CRM skills
• Excellent résumé booster for airlines

🌟 WHY MANY PILOTS CHOOSE INSTRUCTING

✔️ One of the best hour-building paths
✔️ Develops strong decision-making & communication skills
✔️ Deep understanding of aircraft systems & procedures
✔️ Highly respected experience by airlines

📌 FOR MORE INFO
Visit the Transport Canada website or talk to your local Flight Training Unit (FTU)

https://tc.canada.ca/en/aviation

✈️ Fly. Teach. Inspire.
If you’re serious about aviation, becoming a flight instructor is a powerful step forward 💙

tc.canada.ca

✈️✨ READY TO TURN YOUR PASSION FOR FLYING INTO A CAREER?

HERE’S A QUICK GUIDE TO THE COMMERCIAL PILOT LICENCE (CPL) IN CANADA 🇨🇦

🛫 WHAT A CPL UNLOCKS FOR YOU

💰 Get paid to fly
🌍 Turn aviation into a full-time career
🧑‍✈️ Fly charter, medevac, survey, bush, flight instructing (with rating), and airline pathways

🚀 The gateway to ATPL and airline life

📌 BASIC REQUIREMENTS

🎂 Minimum age: 18 years
🩺 Category 1 Medical
📄 Hold a PPL
🗣️ English language proficiency

📚 WRITTEN EXAM (CPAER)

📝 100 multiple-choice questions
📊 Pass mark: 60% overall + subject minimums
📖 Covers:

✦ Air Law
✦ Meteorology
✦ Navigation
✦ Aerodynamics
✦ Flight Planning
✦ Human Factors
⏳ Valid for 24 months
https://tc.canada.ca/sites/default/files/migrated/tp_12881e.pdf

⏱️ FLIGHT TIME REQUIREMENTS

✈️ 200 total flight hours minimum
🧭 100 hrs PIC
🌎 20 hrs PIC cross-country (includes a 300 NM XC)
🌫️ 20 hrs instrument time
🛩️ 65 hrs commercial training (dual + solo)

🧪 CPL FLIGHT TEST

🎯 Precision flying
🧠 Strong decision-making
🧑‍✈️ Professional standards
🔥 Thinking like a commercial pilot, not a student

➕ MOST PILOTS ADD AFTER CPL

⚙️ Multi-Engine Rating
🌫️ Instrument Rating (Group 1)
👨‍🏫 Instructor Rating
📈 Time building toward ATPL

💡 REMEMBER

Every airline captain, medevac pilot, and instructor started exactly here.
CPL isn’t just a licence — it’s a mindset shift from hobby to profession 💼✈️

📩 Thinking about CPL or already training?
Message me — happy to share guidance, resources, and real-world insight 💬

🔗 For official info, always check Transport Canada

https://tc.canada.ca/en/aviation

tc.canada.ca

✈️ THINKING ABOUT GETTING YOUR PRIVATE PILOT LICENCE (PPL)?

Here’s your beginner-friendly guide! 🚀🛩️🇨🇦

👩‍✈️ WHAT THE PPL LETS YOU DO

• Fly any single-engine aeroplane you’re trained/checked out on ✈️
• Take passengers 🤗
• Fly daytime VFR anywhere in Canada 🌤️
• Add ratings later — Night Rating, Multi-Engine, IFR 🌙🛬

🩺 MEDICAL REQUIREMENT

• Category 3 Aviation Medical from a Civil Aviation Medical Examiner (CAME) 👨‍⚕️
• Validity:
– Under 40: 60 months
– Over 40: 24 months

🧠 WRITTEN EXAM (PPAER)

📘 PPAER Exam covers 4 sections:
• Air Law
• Meteorology
• Navigation
• General Knowledge

📝 Pass mark: 60% on each section
⏳ Must be completed within 24 months before your flight test.

🔗 Official PPAER Study & Reference Guide:https://tc.canada.ca/sites/default/files/2025-07/TP_12880_E.pdf

✈️ FLIGHT TEST

Once recommended by your instructor, you’ll complete a Transport Canada PPL Flight Test, which includes:
• Takeoffs & landings
• Stalls, steep turns, emergencies
• Navigation
• Radio procedures
• Decision-making 🧑‍✈️🔥

🔗 Official PPL Flight Test Guide:
https://tc.canada.ca/en/aviation/publications/flight-test-guide-private-pilot-licence-aeroplane-tp-13723e

📚 TRAINING REQUIREMENTS (Minimums)

• 45 hours total:
– 17 hours dual
– 12 hours solo
– 5 hours cross-country
(Most students finish between 55–70 hours)

⏳ EXPIRY & VALIDITY

• Your PPL never expires! 🙌
• You just need:
– A valid medical
– 5 takeoffs & landings in the last 6 months to carry passengers
– Currency per CARs 401.05

💸 TYPICAL COST

• ~$12,000–$20,000 in Canada depending on aircraft, location & training pace 💵✈️

🌟 WHY THE PPL IS AMAZING

• Foundation for CPL, Multi-Engine, IFR, Instructor
• Fly cross-country adventures across Canada 🗺️
• Bring your loved ones along safely ❤️
• First real step towards a career in aviation 👩‍✈️✨

💬 READY TO START YOUR PPL JOURNEY?

If you need help choosing a school, studying for PSTAR/PPAER, or planning your training — I’m always here to help! 🤍✈️

🔗 For more info, visit the Transport Canada website:

https://tc.canada.ca/en/aviation/licensing-pilots-personnel/flight-crew-licences-permits-ratings/general-information-pilot-licences-permits

General information on pilot licences and permits General information on pilot licences and permits

✈️ WANT TO START FLYING? HERE’S A QUICK GUIDE TO THE RECREATIONAL PILOT PERMIT (RPP) IN CANADA 🌟

🛩️ WHAT THE RECREATIONAL PILOT PERMIT (RPP) ALLOWS

Fly single-engine aircraft for fun & leisure ✨
Carry one passenger 👤
Fly daytime VFR only 🌤️
Fly anywhere in Canada 🍁
Often the first licence before the PPL 🎓

👥 Minimum age: 16 years
💉 Medical: Category 4 (simple & affordable)

📝 KNOWLEDGE REQUIREMENT — PPREE WRITTEN EXAM

You must pass the Recreational Pilot Permit Exam (PPREE) 🧠✍️
It covers:

📘 Canadian Aviation Regulations
☁️ Weather & meteorology
🧭 Navigation
🛠️ General aircraft knowledge

📄 Official Exam Guide:
👉 https://tc.canada.ca/en/aviation/publications/study-reference-guide-recreational-pilot-permit-aeroplane-tp-12467

💵 EXAM SCHEDULING & COSTS

• Written exam at Transport Canada offices or authorized invigilators
• Fees range $35–$130 💰

You’ll need:
🪪 Government photo ID
📝 TC file number
👨‍🏫 Instructor recommendation (sometimes required)

⏳ VALIDITY OF THE PERMIT

Your RPP is valid as long as your medical is valid 🩺
Category 4 medicals must be renewed per TC
Rules

👨‍✈️ TRAINING & SKILL REQUIREMENTS

Minimum 25 hours flight training:
• 15 hrs dual 👨‍🏫
• 5 hrs solo ✈️
• 5 hrs flexible (dual or solo)

You must complete training + pass:

🛫 Flight Test (takeoffs, landings, emergencies)
📡 Radio communication skills
🧭 Navigation procedures

📚 STUDY MATERIALS

📘 TC Exam Guide (TP 12475)
📗 From the Ground Up
📕 PHAK
🖥️ Online Canadian practice exams

🚨 WHY THE RPP MATTERS

✨ Fastest & most affordable way to start flying
✨ Perfect for recreational/weekend pilots
✨ Hours count toward your PPL
✨ Great first step into aviation

🔗 FOR MORE INFO, VISIT TRANSPORT CANADA:

https://tc.canada.ca/en/aviation/licensing-pilots-personnel/flight-crew-licences-permits-ratings/general-information-pilot-licences-permits

General information on pilot licences and permits General information on pilot licences and permits

🎧✈️ HOW TO BECOME A PILOT IN CANADA: GETTING YOUR RADIO OPERATOR CERTIFICATE (ROC-A)

Every pilot in Canada — from student pilots to airline captains — needs a Restricted Operator Certificate – Aeronautical (ROC-A) to use aircraft radios legally. This certificate is essential for safe communication in Canadian airspace!

📄 WHAT IS ROC-A?

The ROC-A is a certificate issued by Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada (ISED) that allows you to:

✨ Legally operate aircraft radios
✨ Communicate with Air Traffic Control (ATC)
✨ Contact flight service stations and other aircraft
✨ Follow standardized voice communication procedures for safety

💡 WHY ROC-A IS IMPORTANT

Having a ROC-A ensures:

✅ Safety in the airspace by following standard communication protocols
✅ Legal compliance with Canadian aviation regulations
✅ Smooth coordination during emergencies
✅ Proper use of the phonetic alphabet, radio call formats, and emergency procedures

📝 HOW TO OBTAIN ROC-A

1️⃣ STUDY RADIO PROCEDURES 📚
Learn:
• Standard aviation phrases & communication protocols
• Phonetic alphabet usage
• Distress, urgency, and safety procedures
• Radio call formats & flight information services

2️⃣ PASS THE EXAMS 📝
• Written Exam: Covers radio theory, regulations, and proper procedures
• Oral Exam: Tests practical communication skills on the radio

3️⃣ SUBMIT YOUR APPLICATION 📨
• Complete the ROC-A application via ISED Canada
• Submit proof of passing the written and oral exams

💵 FEES
💰 Exam fees: usually $50–$100 CAD, depending on the testing center

💰 Certificate: no fee, valid for life

🕒 VALIDITY

⏳ ROC-A is valid for life

⏳ No renewal or recertification required

🎉 ADDITIONAL BENEFITS

🚀 Enhances communication skills & situational awareness
🚀 Required for all Canadian pilot licenses (Private, Commercial, Airline Transport Pilot)
🚀 Recognized internationally according to ICAO standards

🔗 FOR MORE INFORMATION

👉 Radio Operator Certificate (ROC-A) – ISED Canada

Restricted Operator Certificate - Aeronautical (ROC-A) On this page: Overview of the Restricted Operator Certificate - Aeronautical (ROC-A) Steps to follow to obtain your ROC-A Overview of the Restricted Operator Certificate - Aeronautical (ROC-A) The Restricted Operator Certificate - Aeronautical (ROC-A) is a type of radio operator certificate.

✈️ THINKING ABOUT BECOMING A PILOT? HERE’S A QUICK GUIDE TO THE STUDENT PILOT PERMIT IN CANADA 🌟

🛩️ WHAT THE STUDENT PILOT PERMIT (SPP) ALLOWS

· Fly solo during training, in the aircraft category endorsed on your permit (aeroplane, glider, helicopter, etc.)
· Minimum age is 14 years
· Medical requirements: either a medical declaration or a certificate from a Civil Aviation Medical Examiner (CAME)

📝 KNOWLEDGE REQUIREMENT (PSTAR EXAM)

· You must pass the PSTAR and Radio license exam(Student Pilot Permit / PPL Regulations) written exam
· Covers Canadian Aviation Regulations, ATC procedures, uncontrolled aerodromes, Special VFR, NOTAMs, and Aeronautical Information Circulars
· 50 multiple-choice questions, pass mark 90% (45/50)
· Exam results remain valid until your permit is issued

💵 EXAM SCHEDULING & COSTS

· Exams are by appointment at Transport Canada service centres or through Authorized Examination Invigilators
· Fees range from $35 to $129.34
· You’ll need your TC file number, photo ID, and possibly a recommendation from your instructor

⏳ VALIDITY OF THE PERMIT

· Student Pilot Permit is valid for 5 years
· Your permit may depend on the validity of your medical certificate, which must be renewed when required

👨‍🏫 SKILL & SOLO REQUIREMENTS

· To get the permit, you must meet age, medical, citizenship, and PSTAR and radio license requirements
· Your instructor determines when you’re ready for your first solo flight

📚 STUDY MATERIALS

· Official Transport Canada guide: TP 11919 – Student Pilot / PPL Regulations Guide
· Practice exams (e.g., PilotExamCanada) help prepare for PSTAR

🚨 WHY THIS MATTERS

· Getting your SPP is your first real step to flying solo
· Understanding the rules, exams, fees, and permit validity upfront will make your training smoother and less stressful

🔗 FOR MORE INFORMATION, CHECK OUT TRANSPORT CANADA:

https://tc.canada.ca/en/aviation/licensing-pilots-personnel/flight-crew-licences-permits-ratings/general-information-pilot-licences-permits
e

General information on pilot licences and permits General information on pilot licences and permits

✈️ SO YOU WANT TO BE A PILOT? LET’S TALK ABOUT THE AVIATION MEDICAL! 🩺

One of the first and most important steps in your aviation journey is obtaining your Transport Canada Aviation Medical Certificate. Many aspiring pilots dive straight into flight training, only to discover later that they’re medically unfit to hold a licence. That’s why I always tell all aspiring pilots: get your medical first.
Transport Canada requires every pilot—whether you’re training for a Private Pilot Licence (PPL), Commercial Pilot Licence (CPL), or Airline Transport Pilot Licence (ATPL), to meet specific medical standards. These are divided into categories:

· Category 1 – for Commercial and Airline Transport Pilots (valid for 12 months)

· Category 3 – for Private Pilots (valid for 60 months if under 40; 24 months if 40 or older)

· Category 4 – for Recreational Pilot Permits

🧠 WHY YOU SHOULD GET YOUR MEDICAL FIRST

Getting your medical before starting flight training ensures that you meet the health standards required to obtain your licence. It prevents the disappointment of investing time and money into training only to discover later that you’re not medically qualified. It also gives you peace of mind and allows you to focus on what truly matters, learning to fly safely and confidently.

🩺 WHAT TO EXPECT DURING THE EXAMINATION

Your medical exam must be done by a Civil Aviation Medical Examiner (CAME) authorized by Transport Canada. The examination typically includes:

· Vision and colour perception testing 👁️🟢🔴
· Hearing assessment 👂🎧
· Cardiovascular evaluation ❤️🫀
· General physical and mental health review 🏃‍♂️🧠
· A detailed look at your medical history and any medications you use 📋💊

Once your exam is complete, the results are reviewed by Transport Canada’s Regional Aviation Medical Office, which issues your medical certificate if you meet the standards.

🚀 GETTING STARTED

You can find detailed information about the process, current medical standards, validity periods, and a searchable list of CAMEs in your area on Transport Canada’s website:
🔗 https://tc.canada.ca/en/aviation/medical-fitness-aviation

Remember, your Aviation Medical Certificate is your first licence to fly. It’s the foundation of your entire aviation career—whether your dream is to fly for fun or for the airlines.

For more details, visit the resources session at https://flywithmabel.com/

Fly with Mabel Transforming pilot training with personalized, safety-focused online ground school, streamlining pilot license acquisition in Canada, and fostering a vibrant community of aviation enthusiasts.

🚀 DREAM OF FLYING? START YOUR JOURNEY EARLY! ✈️

As an airline pilot and certified flight instructor, I’m often asked how young people can get started in aviation. One of the best pathways in Canada is the Royal Canadian Air Cadets — a national program that inspires leadership, discipline, and a lifelong passion for flight.

The Air Cadets welcome youth aged 12 to 18 from all backgrounds, offering incredible opportunities — and it’s completely free to join.

🌟 WHAT CADETS LEARN:
✅ Aviation theory and flight fundamentals
✅ Leadership, teamwork, and citizenship skills
✅ Survival, outdoor adventure, and fitness training
✅ Drill, music, and other engaging activities
✅ Opportunities for Glider and Power Pilot Scholarships — some cadets earn their first pilot’s license before finishing high school!

📅 WHEN TO JOIN:
Most squadrons open enrollment in September, though some accept new members year-round.

📍 HOW TO JOIN:
Find your local squadron here 👉 https://aircadetleague.com/join-us/join-cadet/→ Find a Corps or Squadron.

💡 WHY JOIN:
This program builds confidence, leadership, and lifelong friendships — and for those dreaming of flying, it’s the perfect first step. Many professional pilots, myself included, began their journey here.

💵 COST:
There’s no cost to join — uniforms, training, and program activities are funded by the Government of Canada and the Air Cadet League.

If you know someone aged 12–18 who’s curious about aviation or leadership, share this post with them and encourage them to take that first step toward the cockpit. The sky is truly the limit! 🌤️

✈️ Your Pathway to Becoming a Pilot in Canada

🛫 Dreaming of flying someday?

I get so many questions from students, parents, and aviation enthusiasts about how to become a pilot in Canada — where to start, what age to begin, training options, costs, and career paths.

To make it easier, I’m starting a weekly series on Fly With Mabel:
➡️ Step-by-step guidance on becoming a pilot, starting as young as 12 years old!
Each week, we’ll cover:
👩‍✈️ How to start flight training
📚 Schools and programs available
💰 Costs, scholarships, and financial tips
🛩️ Private vs. commercial pilot pathways
🇨🇦 Transport Canada licensing and medical requirements
🎓 College and university aviation programs
✈️ Pilot licences:
• Student Pilot Permit
• PPL → CPL → Multi-IFR → Instructor Rating → ATPL
🌎 How Canadian and U.S. licences conversion or transfer
Your journey to the skies begins here! ☁️

👉 Follow this page so you don’t miss the first part of the series next week!
💬 Questions? Comment below — I’ll answer and may even feature your question in a future post!