ARRS

ARRS Case of the Week

Can you determine the next step in management for this 65-year-old woman undergoing stereotactic biopsy?

arrs.org Lateromedial mammogram shows faint calcifications (circle) from an upright stereotactic biopsy. The z coordinate is less than 10°.

Image Quality and Lesion Detection on Deep Learning Reconstruction and Iterative Reconstruction of Submillisievert Chest and Abdominal CT : American Journal of Roentgenology : Ahead of Print (AJR)

This study compares image quality and clinically significant lesion detection on DLR and IR images of submillisievert chest and abdominopelvic CT.

ajronline.org OBJECTIVE. The objective of this study was to compare image quality and clinically significant lesion detection on deep learning reconstruction (DLR) and iterative reconstruction (IR) images of sub...

Gamification of Electronic Learning in Radiology Education to Improve Diagnostic Confidence and Reduce Error Rates : American Journal of Roentgenology : Ahead of Print (AJR)

This study validates an e-learning, concept featuring gamification elements, rapid case reading, and instant feedback.

ajronline.org OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study is to validate an electronic learning, or e-learning, concept featuring gamification elements, rapid case reading, and instant feedback. SUBJECTS AND METHODS. A...

Quantitative Framework for Risk Stratification of Thyroid Nodules With Ultrasound: A Step Toward Automated Triage of Thyroid Cancer : American Journal of Roentgenology : Ahead of Print (AJR)

This study explores whether a quantitative framework can be used to sonographically differentiate benign and malignant thyroid nodules at a level comparable to that of experts.

ajronline.org OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to explore whether a quantitative framework can be used to sonographically differentiate benign and malignant thyroid nodules at a level comparable to that ...

Great Big Story

🎵💀🎵

When Elvis was banned in the Soviet Union, music lovers found a clever way to listen to his music. Just wait till you hear these x-rays. https://greatbig.is/2syTs3H

Featured Events

This year's Annual Meeting features more than 150 sessions to choose from, including important topics that every radiologist should be aware of in 2020.

arrs.org This three-day Categorical Course will provide practice-based strategies for turning errors into opportunities in both acute and routine imaging settings. Renowned faculty will discuss the role of data and technology, proper use of standardized reports, and implementing peer learning to reduce error...

Minimally Invasive Breast Procedures: Practical Tips & Tricks — AJR Live

Explore improved methods that lead to better outcomes, measured through biopsy metrics such as complication rate, cancer detection rate, and PPV3.

arrs.org AJR Live Webinars feature leading experts discussing some of AJR’s most controversial, cutting-edge articles—broadcasted each month live, online, with CME.

MRI Evaluation of an Atrial-Anchored Transcatheter Mitral Valve Replacement Implant : American Journal of Roentgenology : Ahead of Print (AJR)

This investigation assesses MRI issues with a newly developed atrial-anchored transcatheter mitral valve replacement implant.

ajronline.org OBJECTIVE. A medical implant that is made from metal must undergo proper MRI testing to ensure patient safety. The purpose of this investigation was to assess issues with MRI with a newly developed...

Portal Venous Pulsatility Index: A Novel Biomarker for Diagnosis of High-Risk Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease : American Journal of Roentgenology : Ahead of Print (AJR)

This study assesses the accuracy of portal vein pulsatility for noninvasive diagnosis of high-risk NAFLD.

ajronline.org OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy of portal vein pulsatility for noninvasive diagnosis of high-risk nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). MATERIALS AND METHODS. Th...

Diagnostic Value of CT of Chest, Abdomen, and Pelvis in Patients With Solitary and Multiple Brain Lesions : American Journal of Roentgenology : Ahead of Print (AJR)

This study determines the frequency of finding a primary cancer on CT CAP.

ajronline.org OBJECTIVE. A common goal in patients with newly discovered brain lesions is to determine if the lesions are primary malignant brain neoplasms, metastases, or benign entities. Such patients often un...

ARRS Case of the Week

What is the correct diagnosis for this patient in the emergency department?

arrs.org 61-year-old man in emergency department who has National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score of 21 and is undergoing recanalization by mechanical thrombectomy.

The future of AI in Radiology

Richard Duszak on why radiologists need to take leadership when it comes to artificial intelligence and machine learning in radiology.

Extraprostatic Uptake of 18F-Fluciclovine: Differentiation of Nonprostatic Neoplasms From Metastatic Prostate Cancer : American Journal of Roentgenology : Ahead of Print (AJR)

Knowledge of the common patterns of prostate cancer recurrence, in addition to what other neoplasms can show uptake, is critical for accurate study interpretation.

ajronline.org OBJECTIVE. Fluciclovine is a synthetic radiolabeled amino acid analog used for imaging of biochemical recurrent prostate cancer. Uptake of fluciclovine is mediated by several amino acid transporter...

A Community for All Ages

The ARRS Annual Meeting helps practicing radiologists at every level.

Prognostic Value of Quantitative Parameters of 18F-FDG PET/CT for Patients With Angiosarcoma : American Journal of Roentgenology : Ahead of Print (AJR)

This study evaluates quantitative parameters in 18F-FDG PET/CT in terms of correlation with histologic grade and overall survival in patients with angiosarcoma.

ajronline.org OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to evaluate quantitative parameters in 18F-FDG PET/CT in terms of correlation with histologic grade and overall survival in patients with angiosarcoma. MATE...

"One of the most vibrant communities within the Roentgen Ray organization"

ARRS President Ruth Carlos discusses how the society partners with other imaging societies around the globe to create educational opportunities.

https://arrs.org/ARRSLIVE/GlobalPartners

Dual-Energy CT for Locoregional Staging of Breast Cancer: Preliminary Results : American Journal of Roentgenology : Ahead of Print (AJR)

This study demonstrates the feasibility of DECT for locoregional staging of breast cancer and differentiation of tumor histotypes.

ajronline.org OBJECTIVE. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility of dual-energy CT (DECT) for locoregional staging of breast cancer and differentiation of tumor histotypes. MATERIALS AND M...

Mass Casualty Incidents: An Introduction for Imagers

When planning and preparing for hospital-based medical care during disasters and mass casualties, radiologists must act as subject matter experts on the crucial role imaging plays.

arrs.org The events of the Columbine school shooting in 1999, the attacks on September 11, 2001, and the anthrax mailings the following week underscored the need for health care to be prepared to respond to acts of mass violence and bioterrorism.

Understanding a Rare Injury: An Observational Study of Anterior-Superior Hip Dislocations : American Journal of Roentgenology : Ahead of Print (AJR)

This study assesses the prevalence of anterior hip dislocation and highlights the distinctive imaging features of anterior-superior hip dislocation.

ajronline.org OBJECTIVE. The goals of this study were to assess the prevalence of anterior hip dislocation and to highlight the distinctive imaging features of anterior-superior hip dislocation. MATERIALS AND ME...

Gender Affirmation Imaging Revisited

There are several key aspects of gender that radiologists should be aware of in daily practice.

arrs.org How often does gender or sex come up in your daily practice? In a publication or article you read? In your daily interactions with your family or colleagues?

Positive Oral Contrast Material for Abdominal CT: Current Clinical Indications and Areas of Controversy : American Journal of Roentgenology : Ahead of Print (AJR)

The use of positive oral contrast material for abdominal CT is a frequent protocol issue.

ajronline.org OBJECTIVE. The use of positive oral contrast material for abdominal CT is a frequent protocol issue. Confusion abounds regarding its use, and practice patterns often appear arbitrary. Turning to th...

Liver Shear Wave Speed and Other Quantitative Ultrasound Measures of Liver Parenchyma: Prospective Evaluation in Healthy Children and Adults : American Journal of Roentgenology : Ahead of Print (AJR)

This study uses 2D ultrasound SWE to define expected ranges for liver shear wave speed and shear wave dispersion in children and adults without a known history of liver disease.

ajronline.org OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to use 2D ultrasound shear wave elastography (SWE) to define expected ranges for liver shear wave speed and shear wave dispersion in children and adults wit...

White Horse, Yellow Journal: Berquist Bids Adieu to AJR

When Thomas H. Berquist logs off his iPad this summer, his 12-year tenure as the 12th editor in chief of AJR will capstone a period of unprecedented growth.

arrs.org When Thomas H. Berquist logs off his iPad this summer, his 12-year tenure as the 12th editor in chief of the American Journal of Roentgenology (AJR) will capstone a period of unprecedented growth for the 113-year-old publication. Truly the end of an era, only two other men will have occupied the AJR...

MRI-Based Prostate-Specific Antigen Density Predicts Gleason Score Upgrade in an Active Surveillance Cohort : American Journal of Roentgenology : Ahead of Print (AJR)

This study hypothesized that elevated MRI PSAD is similarly associated with increased risk of progression on subsequent biopsy.

ajronline.org OBJECTIVE. Elevated prostate-specific antigen density (PSAD) based on transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) measurements has been shown to be strongly associated with clinically significant disease and to ...

ARRS Case of the Week

Can you diagnose this patient with fevers and night sweats?

arrs.org Color Doppler ultrasound image (A) shows two heterogeneous masses (arrows) in the right hepatic lobe that do not compress or displace the right hepatic vein. The masses have solid composition despite peripheral low echogenicity. Axial delayed contrast-enhanced CT image through the hepatic dome (B) s...

Advantages of a T1-Weighted Gradient-Recalled Echo (GRE) Sequence With a Radial 3D Sampling Approach Versus 2D Turbo Spin-Echo and Cartesian 3D GRE Sequences in Head and Neck MRI : American Journal of Roentgenology : Ahead of Print (AJR)

This study compares the image quality, including artifacts, of a T1-weighted GRE MRI sequence with a radial sampling approach to the that of both 2D TSE and cartesian 3D GRE MRI sequences performed in the head and neck region.

ajronline.org OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study is to compare the image quality, including artifacts, of a T1-weighted gradient-recalled echo (GRE) MRI sequence with a radial sampling approach to the that of ...

Development and External Validation of Multiparametric MRI-Derived Nomogram to Predict Risk of Pathologic Upgrade in Patients on Active Surveillance for Prostate Cancer : American Journal of Roentgenology : Ahead of Print (AJR)

This study creates, develops, and externally validates a nomogram that predicts pathologic upgrade in patients on active surveillance for prostate cancer using commonly available clinical and mpMRI factors.

ajronline.org OBJECTIVE. The aim of this study was to create, develop, and externally validate a nomogram that predicts pathologic upgrade in patients on active surveillance (AS) for prostate cancer using common...

Differentiation of Small (≤ 4 cm) Renal Masses on Multiphase Contrast-Enhanced CT by Deep Learning : American Journal of Roentgenology : Ahead of Print (AJR)

This study evaluated the utility of a deep learning method for determining whether a small solid renal mass was benign or malignant on multiphase contrast-enhanced CT.

ajronline.org OBJECTIVE. This study evaluated the utility of a deep learning method for determining whether a small (≤ 4 cm) solid renal mass was benign or malignant on multiphase contrast-enhanced CT. MATERIALS...

Peering Into Peer Review—AJR Live

AJR reviewers will discuss the review process and what they seek in a high-quality manuscript in this webinar next week.

arrs.org AJR Live Webinars feature leading experts discussing some of AJR’s most controversial, cutting-edge articles—broadcasted each month live, online, with CME.

In early stages of development for MRI, Sir Peter Mansfield used this cardboard model to show how the scanner would work.

Photo credit: University of Nottingham

State of the Art Imaging for Chronic Liver Disease

Recent advancements have elevated radiology's role in addressing this increasingly common and important disorder.

arrs.org Chronic liver disease is an increasingly common and important disorder, now afflicting more than 25% of the world’s population. Regardless of its underlying cause, chronic liver disease can progress to cirrhosis, development of liver cancer, and liver-related death. Recent advances in imaging know...

What Diagnostic Radiologists Need to Know About Vaping-Associated Lung Injuries

Knowledge about vaping-associated lung injuries is changing every day, and it is imperative that diagnostic radiologists have a general understanding of what vaping is, how it looks on imaging, and what we know so far.

arrs.org The latter half of 2019 saw the identification of an entirely new respiratory illness and introduction of a new diagnosis— e-cigarette, or vaping, product use associated lung injury (EVALI)—into the medical lexicon. Based on current understanding, EVALI is an acute or subacute respiratory illnes...

ARRS Case of the Week

What is the correct diagnosis for this 34-year-old woman with atypical chest pain?

arrs.org Posteroanterior (A) and lateral (B) chest radiographs show widening of the low right paratracheal stripe (A) and leftward indentation (A) and mild narrowing (B) of the tracheal air column at this level.

Redefining Success

ARRS President Ruth Carlos discusses why she wants to demystify failure and redefine success in practice.

Common Causes of Outpatient CT and MRI Callback Examinations: Opportunities for Improvement : American Journal of Roentgenology : Ahead of Print (AJR)

This study investigates factors driving callback MRI and CT examinations and discerns opportunities for optimizing the patient experience by reducing future callbacks.

ajronline.org OBJECTIVE. The purposes of this study were to investigate factors driving callback MRI and CT examinations and to discern opportunities for optimizing the patient experience by reducing future call...

Trends of Follow-Up Recommendations Made on Musculoskeletal MRI Reports : American Journal of Roentgenology : Ahead of Print (AJR)

This article analyzes trends in follow-up recommendations made on musculoskeletal MRI reports.

ajronline.org OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this article was to analyze trends in follow-up recommendations made on musculoskeletal MRI reports. MATERIALS AND METHODS. An IRB-approved retrospective study identified ...

Imaging Features and Metastatic Patterns of Advanced ALK-Rearranged Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer : American Journal of Roentgenology : Ahead of Print (AJR)

Advanced ALK+ NSCLC has primary tumor imaging features and patterns of metastasis that are different from those of EGFR+ or EGFR−/ALK− wild type NSCLC at the time of initial presentation.

ajronline.org OBJECTIVE. ALK rearrangements are an established targetable oncogenic driver in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The goal of this study was to determine the imaging features of the primary tumor...

Diagnosing Muscle Atrophy by Use of a Comprehensive Method of Assessing the Elastic Properties of Muscle During Passive Stretching : American Journal of Roentgenology : Ahead of Print (AJR)

This study applies a new method for quantitatively assessing atrophied muscles by use of sonoelastography.

ajronline.org OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to apply a new method for quantitatively assessing atrophied muscles by use of sonoelastography. SUBJECTS AND METHODS. B-mode sonography and shear-wave elas...

Happy New Year!

Integration of Peer Review in PACS Results in a Marked Increase in the Discrepancies Reported : American Journal of Roentgenology : Ahead of Print (AJR)

This article assesses the impact of integrating peer review in PACS on the reporting of discrepancies.

ajronline.org OBJECTIVE. The objective of this article is to assess the impact of integrating peer review in PACS on the reporting of discrepancies. Our hypothesis is that a PACS-integrated machine-randomized an...

Utility of FDG PET/CT for Preoperative Staging of Non–Small Cell Lung Cancers Manifesting as Subsolid Nodules With a Solid Portion of 3 cm or Smaller : American Journal of Roentgenology : Ahead of Print (AJR)

This study investigates the utility of FDG PET/CT for the preoperative staging of subsolid NSCLCs with a solid portion size of 3 cm or smaller.

ajronline.org OBJECTIVE. The objective of our study was to investigate the utility of FDG PET/CT for the preoperative staging of subsolid non–small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) with a solid portion size of 3 cm or...